One of the most notable UNESCO-listed railway sites in India is the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, often referred to as the "Toy Train." This remarkable railway was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999 due to its outstanding engineering and historical significance. The railway runs between New Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling in West Bengal, covering a distance of approximately 88 kilometers. It was constructed in the late 19th century, specifically between 1879 and 1881, to facilitate the transport of goods and tourists to the picturesque hill station of Darjeeling. The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway is famous for its narrow-gauge tracks, which wind through stunning landscapes, including lush tea gardens, dense forests, and breathtaking views of the Himalayas. The train journey is not just a means of transportation; it is an experience that allows passengers to appreciate the natural beauty of the region. The railway features unique engineering marvels, such as the Batasia Loop, where the train makes a spiral turn to gain elevation while offering panoramic views of the surrounding mountains. Another UNESCO-listed railway is the Nilgiri Mountain Railway, which was inscribed in 2005. This railway connects Mettupalayam to Ooty and is known for its charming vintage trains. The Nilgiri Mountain Railway is a narrow-gauge line that ascends from an elevation of about 1,000 meters to 2,200 meters, showcasing the stunning landscapes of the Nilgiri Hills. The journey is characterized by steep gradients, sharp curves, and beautiful views, making it a popular choice for tourists. The Kalka-Shimla Railway, listed in 2008, is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This narrow-gauge railway, built between 1898 and 1903, connects Kalka to Shimla and is renowned for its scenic beauty and engineering feats. It traverses through 102 tunnels and over 800 bridges, offering travelers a unique glimpse into the region's natural beauty. These UNESCO-listed railways not only serve as vital transportation links but also preserve the rich history and cultural heritage of India. They attract tourists from around the world, eager to experience the charm and beauty of these historic routes.